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本文目录
一、什么是倒装句
英语句子中存在两种语序：一种是正常语序，一种是倒装语序。
倒装语序分两种情况：谓语动词全部置于主语前面的叫完全倒装。
谓语动词只有一部分（如助动词、情态动词或be动词）置于主语前面的叫部分倒装。
考点一△表示方位的副词（here, there, down, in, up, off, out, ahead、away）或介词短语（表方位、地点的）置于句首时，句子要用完全倒装。此类倒装结构中谓语动词多为表示运动的词，如go, come, rush.
①The door opened and in came the headmaster.
②By his side stood a little boy.
③There lived an old man in Rome.
④On the teacher’s desk are the new books for the pupils.
⑤Before us lay a vast expanse of golden crops.
⑥Along the wall stood four big book cases.
⑦Ahead of us lay ten days of intensive training.
⑧South of the city lies a big zoo.
⑨ This is our building, on top of which is flying a red flag.
We will visit the school, in front of which flows a small river.
△副词now，then，thus等置于句首引导的句子，谓语动词是come，go，begin，follow，end，be等词时，句子要用完全倒装。
③Then came the news that the president would visit our city.
△注意：当句子的主语是人称代词时，句子不倒装。请看以下例句：
①Out rushed the boy. Out he rushed.
考点二为了句子的平衡或强调表语，将表语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装。此类倒装句的结构：adj/ v-ed/ v-ing/介词短语+系动词+主语
①Present at the meeting was Professor White.(形容词)
②Greatly loved in China are the English Romantic poets.(过去分词)
③Hanging on the wall was a painting.(现在分词)
④Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.(形容词)
⑤Gone are the days when I was looked down upon.(过去分词式的形容词)
部分倒装结构：部分谓语（助动词/情态动词/系动词）+主语+实义动词+…
考点三 Only位于句首+状语（副词/介词短语/状语从句）+部分倒装句
①Only then did he know who was his mother.
②Only by working hard can we succeed.
③Only when one is away from home does he realize how nice home is.
④Only after every doctor got ready could the patient be operated on.
考点四否定词或半否定意义的词位于句首时。这类词有never, little, few, seldom, hardly, nowhere, scarcely, barely, rarely；常见的短语有not+副词或副词短语：not until, by no means, in no way, in no case, at no time, on/under no condition; on no account; under no circumstances, not only… but also; no sooner…than; hardly/ scarcely…when…; neither… nor…等。
①Never have I seen such a person(06.安徽考查了Never在句首)
②Not only does he like English, but also he learns it well.
③Nowhere else in the world can you see such a wonderful sight.
④Not a single mistake did he make.
⑤At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
On no account should the house be left unlocked.
⑥Not until his health was lost, did he know what it was worth.(部分倒装句)
It was not until his health was lost that he knew what it was worth.（强调句）
⑦Hardly had I reached the bus station when the bus started.= No sooner had I reached the bus station than the bus started.(要注意主句和从句的时态)
(06.天津) No sooner had she gone than it happened.
△ So+助动词/ be/情态动词+主语（……也一样）
△ Neither/ nor+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语（……也这样）
①I don’t enjoy singing, nor do I like computers.
②If you don’t go, neither will I.
③I have been to Beijing; so has she.
△ He can dance well but cannot sing. So it is with Jack./ It is the same with Jack. So it is/ was with sb(前面所提情况有人也有物或动词有肯定也有否定或有be也有情态动词)，“某人也是这种情况”。
△Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life.
Our eating habits have changed, and so has our way of life.
考点六△Such a+ adj+ n.+部分倒装+ that从句
△So+ adj/ adv+部分倒装+ that从句
△So+ adj+ a+ n+部分倒装+ that从句
①So interesting is the book that he can’t tear himself away from it.
So interesting a book is it that he can’t tear himself away from it.
②So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.
③Such an instructive speech did he make that all the listeners were moved.
④So instructive a speech did he make that all the listeners were moved.
⑤Such would be our home in the future.
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.
△ So many/ few/ much/ little+名词+部分倒装+ that从句
So many falls have I had that I’m black and blue all over.
So much noise did they make that we couldn’t hear the teacher.
考点七 if的虚拟条件中含有should, had或were，省略了if要把should, had, were放在句首。请记住以下基本用法（必背）：
If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad.
If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. If you should not came, we would put off the meeting.
主语+would/should/could/might+have+过去分词
If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed the exams.
①If it should rain, the crops would grow better.→
Should it rain, the crops would grow better.
②If there were no steel, there would be no modern industry.→
Were there no steel, there would be no modern industry.
③If it had not been for the captain, the ship would have sunk.→
Had it not been for the captain, the ship would have sunk.
考点八形/副/名词/动词原形/分词+ as/ though+主语+…
①Poor as he was, he was honest.
②Child as he is, he knows a lot about history.（名词之前无冠词）
③Much as I like this book, I like others much better.
④(05.广东)Try as he might, he couldn’t open the door.
⑤Surrounded as we were by the enemy, we managed to march forward.
⑥Strange as his idea sounds, it seems to be performing well.
①May you succeed! May all your best wishes come true!
②Thus did he finish the job.(也可以不倒装) Thus he finished the job.
③（07.上海）Rarely did a debate attract so much media attention.
(07.陕西) So successful was her business that Marie was able to set up new branches.
(09.四川)Not until I came back last night did Mum go to bed.
(08.湖北)Seldom have they played video games ever since they entered college.
(06.重庆)By no means is the teacher satisfied with my progress.
(08.辽宁)Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report, and neither was I.
二、倒装句是哪里的方言
倒装句是山东方言，爱说倒装句应该和山东人的性格也有关系。山东人忠厚、诚实，说话直接不绕圈子，因此会把语言组织的比较简洁，把核心和重点放在开头，突出主题，强调所要表达的意思，而从把语序颠倒，把谓语提前到主语前面也就是把谓语前置，或者是宾语前置。
比如吃饭了你？到底怎么了啊你？这好像是全山东人都在说的一句话。类似的还有“几点下班啊你？”“下雨了要！”“去看电影吧我们？”“有点意思啊你！”
1、主谓倒装。在感叹句或疑问句中，为了强调谓语而将它放到句首，以加强感叹或疑问语气。例：甚矣，汝之不惠。全句是“汝之不惠甚矣”。谓语前置，表强调的意味，可译为“你太不聪明了”。
2、宾语前置。否定句中代词充当宾语、疑问代词充当动词或介词的宾语以及用“之”字或“是”字作为提宾标志时，宾语通常都要前置。例：“何陋之有”即“有何陋”的倒装。可译为“有什么简陋呢”，“何”，疑问代词，“之”，助词，无实在意义，在这里是宾语前置的标志。
3、定语后置。古汉语中有时为了突出修饰语，将定语放在中心词之后。
三、什么时候用倒装句
1、答：英语最基本的词序“主语部分+谓语部分”通常十分固定。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面，这就叫做倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前，称为完全倒装；如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，称为部分倒装。
2、1．以here， there， now，then开头的句子,谓语动词要放在句子的主语之前。这种句子中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如：
3、注意：如果句子的主语是人称代词，则不能使用倒装结构。如：
4、Here it comes！／ There it goes！
5、2．有些动词短语以副词out，in，up，down，away等结尾，构成不及物动词短语。这时，为了使句子更形象，常将这些副词提前到句首。这时，句中的谓语动词要放在句子主语的前面，构成全部倒装。（注意，这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词，也不能使用倒装结构。）如：
6、3．为了强调表示地点的介词短语，常将这个介词短语放在句首，构成全部倒装。注意，这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如：
7、In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker．
8、4．表语置于句首，且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如：
9、Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat．
10、5．so／neither／nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者，其倒装结构为“so／neither／nor＋助动词／系动词／情态动词＋主语”（so表示肯定意义，neither／nor表示否定意义）。如：
11、She has finished her homework，so has her brother．
12、She hasn’t gone there， neither／nor has he．
13、但如果so表示强调，即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时，其结构是“so＋主语＋助动词／系动词／情态动词”，这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如：
14、She knows little English，so she does．她英语懂得不多。她的确如此。
15、Did you see the film yesterday﹖
16、2．用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句中。如果我们将连词if省略，应把were， had，
17、If you had come yesterday， you would have seen him．
18、→Had you come yesterday， you would have seen him．
19、3．用于as引导的让步状语从句中。as引导的让步状语从句引起的倒装有以下几种形式：
20、Much as I like it(＝Although I like it very much), I will not buy it．
21、2)动词原形置于句首。如
22、Wait as you may(＝Although you may wait), he will not see you．
23、Proud as the nobles are(＝Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me．
24、Child as he is(＝Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong．
25、注意：如果名词前有形容词修饰时，as引导的倒装句中要保留不定冠词。如：
26、A bad-tempered man as he is(＝Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply．
27、4．具有否定意义的副词或连词(not，hardly，no sooner, not until, seldom，not once，at no time，never，little等)置于句首时，句子（主句）采用部分倒装。如：
28、No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep．
29、Seldom does he come back on Sundays．
30、Not until he came back did I know about it．
31、5．only修饰句子的状语（从句）位于句首时，句子（主句）要用部分倒装。如：
32、Only then did I realize the importance of English．
33、但如果only修饰的是句子的其它成分，则无需倒装。如：
34、Only socialism can save China．
35、(only修饰的是句子的主语，故仍用正常语序。)
36、6．not only…but also…连接两个并列分句时，第一个分句应使用部分倒装。如：
37、Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons．
38、7．so…that结构中的倒装。有时要强调so所修饰的形容词或副词，常将so
39、连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提到句首。这时，主句要用倒装结构。如：
40、He runs so fast that he is far ahead of others．
41、→So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others．
42、He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book．
43、→So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book．（全部倒装）
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